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js编码题总结
- 循环闭包实现let
- 实现const
- lazyman
- 隐式调用与api
- call和apply
- bind
- new
- instanceof
- object.create
- 深复制
- 防抖节流
- 函数柯里化
- 依赖注入
- 寄生组合继承
- 工厂模式
- 单例模式
- 发布订阅观察者
- Promise
- Promise.resolve
- Promise.reject
- promise.all
- promise.race
- promise.finally
- promise.allSettled
- Promise.any
- 失败重试maxRequest次再reject
- 链式调用
- 原生发送请求的几种方式
- 实现ajax
- 发送跨域请求
- 继发和并发
- async函数实现
- 统计词频
- 双向数据绑定
- 数据格式处理
- 图片懒加载
- 获取URL参数
- 操作cookie
- 文件切片上传
- 活动倒计时
- 监听url变化
- koa2洋葱模型compose
- 字符串模板
- JSON.stringify
- JSON.parse
- 原生实现getElementById
- 模拟sql语句
- 字符串转成千分位
- 加法远程api模拟
- 遍历文件夹下所有文件返回完整路径
- 根据入参路径创建对应目录和文件
- 判断对象成环
循环闭包实现let
javascript
for (var i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
(function (i) {
//闭包缓存
setTimeout(() => {
console.log(i);
}, 0);
})(i);
}
实现const
javascript
function _const(key, value) {
const desc = {
value,
writable: false,
};
Object.defineProperty(window, key, desc);
}
_const("obj", { a: 1 }); //定义obj
obj.b = 2; //可以正常给obj的属性赋值
obj = {}; //抛出错误,提示对象read-only
lazyman
考察对象使用,链式调用,闭包缓存参数,函数队列,事件循环
题目
text
实现一个LazyMan,可以按照以下方式调用:
LazyMan(“Hank”)输出:
Hi! This is Hank!
LazyMan(“Hank”).sleep(10).eat(“dinner”)输出
Hi! This is Hank!
//等待10秒..
Wake up after 10
Eat dinner~
LazyMan(“Hank”).eat(“dinner”).eat(“supper”)输出
Hi This is Hank!
Eat dinner~
Eat supper~
LazyMan(“Hank”).sleepFirst(5).eat(“supper”)输出
//等待5秒
Wake up after 5
Hi This is Hank!
Eat supper
javascript
function Lazyman(name) {
return new _Lazyman(name);
}
class _Lazyman {
constructor(name) {
this.tasks = []; //设置任务队列
let self = this;
let task = (function (name) {
return function () {
console.log("Hello I'm " + name);
self.next(); //因为没法for循环执行,所以只能console完就调用next来执行下一个
};
})(name); //闭包传参能缓存参数,最终返回函数,否则无法在next中向function传参
this.tasks.push(task);
//此时首次进入构造函数,tasks为[f],调用方式为tasks[0]()
//通过settimeout的方法,先执行链式调用和传参,最后才执行next()
setTimeout(function () {
self.next();
}, 0);
}
next() {
//取出一个任务并执行
let task = this.tasks.shift();
if (task) {
task();
}
}
eat(food) {
let self = this;
let task = (function (food) {
return function () {
console.log("Eat " + food);
self.next();
};
})(food);
this.tasks.push(task);
return this; //链式调用
}
sleep(time) {
let self = this;
let task = (function (time) {
return function () {
setTimeout(function () {
console.log("Wake up after " + time + " s!");
self.next(); //setTimeout执行完才能执行下一个
}, time * 1000);
};
})(time);
this.tasks.push(task);
return this;
}
sleepFirst(time) {
let self = this;
let task = (function (time) {
return function () {
setTimeout(function () {
console.log("Wake up after " + time + " s!");
self.next();
}, time * 1000);
};
})(time);
this.tasks.unshift(task); //函数最先执行,向队列头部插入函数
return this;
}
}
// Lazyman('Hank');
// Lazyman('Hank').sleep(5).eat('dinner');
// Lazyman('Hank').eat('dinner').eat('supper');
Lazyman("Hank").sleepFirst(5).eat("supper");
隐式调用与api
让(a==1&&a==2&&a==3)为true
toString
javascriptlet a = { i : 1, toString: function(){ return a.i++ } } if(a==1&&a==2&&a==3){ console.log('success') } else { console.log('fail') }
defineProperty
javascriptvar val = 0; Object.defineProperty(window, 'a', { get: function() { return ++val; } }); if (a == 1 && a == 2 && a == 3) { console.log('yay'); }
Array.join
javascriptlet a = [1,2,3]; a.join = a.shift; if(a==1&&a==2&&a==3){ console.log('success') } else { console.log('fail') }
call和apply
call,apply 用于改变函数执行的作用域,即改变函数体内 this 的指向。区别在于:call 的第二个参数起要逐一列出,apply 第二个参数可以是 array 或 arguments
javascript
var person = {
fullName: function (txt) {
console.log(txt + this.firstName + " " + this.lastName);
},
};
var person1 = {
firstName: "John",
lastName: "Doe",
};
person.fullName.call(person1, "Hello, ");
person.fullName.apply(person1, ["Hello, "]);
Function.prototype._apply = function (targetObject, argsArray) {
// 是否传入执行上下文,若没有指定,则指向 window
targetObject = targetObject || window;
// 若是没有传递,则置为空数组
argsArray = argsArray || [];
// 利用Symbol的特性,设置为key
const targetFnKey = Symbol("key");
// 将调用_apply的函数赋值
targetObject[targetFnKey] = this;
// 执行函数,并在删除之后返回
const result = targetObject[targetFnKey](...argsArray);
delete targetObject[targetFnKey];
return result;
};
Function.prototype._call = function (targetObject, ...argsArray) {
// 是否传入执行上下文,若没有指定,则指向 window
targetObject = targetObject || window;
// 利用Symbol的特性,设置为key
const targetFnKey = Symbol("key");
// 将调用_call的函数赋值
targetObject[targetFnKey] = this;
// 执行函数,并在删除之后返回
const result = targetObject[targetFnKey](...argsArray);
delete targetObject[targetFnKey];
return result;
};
//以下为es5版本
Function.prototype.myOwnCall = function (context) {
context = context || window; //如果第一个参数传入的是null的情况下,this会指向window
//防止与原对象方法重名
var uniqueID = "00" + Math.random();
while (context.hasOwnProperty(uniqueID)) {
uniqueID = "00" + Math.random();
}
context[uniqueID] = this; //记录为调用的函数
//Array.from(arguments).slice(1)
var args = [];
for (var i = 1; i < arguments.length; i++) {
args.push("arguments[" + i + "]");
}
var result = eval("context[uniqueID](" + args + ")"); //传入参数,执行函数,处理函数返回值
delete context[uniqueID]; //清除给原对象新增的方法
return result;
};
Function.prototype.myOwnApply = function (context, arr) {
context = context || window; //如果第一个参数传入的是null的情况下,this会指向window
//防止与原对象方法重名
var uniqueID = "00" + Math.random();
while (context.hasOwnProperty(uniqueID)) {
uniqueID = "00" + Math.random();
}
context[uniqueID] = this; //记录为调用的函数
var args = [];
var result = null;
if (!arr) {
result = context[uniqueID](); //没有第二个参数的情况
} else {
//有第二个参数的情况
//Array.from(arguments).slice(1)
for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
args.push("arr[" + i + "]");
}
result = eval("context[uniqueID](" + args + ")");
}
delete context[uniqueID]; //清除给原对象新增的方法
return result;
};
person.fullName.myOwnCall(person1, "Hello, ");
person.fullName.myOwnApply(person1, ["Hello, "]);
bind
bind方法会创建一个函数实例,this会被绑定到传给bind()函数的值
f.bind(obj),实际上可以理解为obj.f()
从第二个参数起,会依次传递给原始函数
javascript
window.color = 'red'
var o = {
color:'blue'
}
function sayColor(color){
console.log(this.color)
}
var objSayColor = sayColor.bind(o);
objSayColor(); //blue
javascript
Function.prototype.my_bind = function(context,...args) {
var self = this;
context = context || window;
args = args || [];
return function(...rest) {
self.apply(context, args.concat(rest));
}
}
//以下为es5
// 方法一,只可绑定,不可传参
Function.prototype.my_bind = function(context){
var self = this;
return function(){
self.apply(context,arguments);
}
}
Function.prototype.my_bind = function() {
// 保存原函数
var self = this,
// 保存需要绑定的this上下文(获取传入的第一个参数),等价于 context = [].shift.call(arguments);
context = Array.prototype.shift.call(arguments),
// 剩余的参数转为数组
args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments);
// 返回一个新函数
return function() {
//处理a.my_bind(b, 7, 8)(9)多次传参的情况;
//此处的arguments与上方的arguments,不是同一个arguments
self.apply(context, Array.prototype.concat.call(args, Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments)));
}
}
new
new运算符背后的步骤:
- 创建一个空对象
- 链接到原型
- 绑定this值
- 返回新对象
javascript
class a1{
constructor(val){
this.val = val
this.a1 = function(){
console.log(this.val)
}
}
a2(){
}
}
function a(val){
this.val = val;
this.a1 = function(){
console.log(this.val)
}
}
a.prototype.a2 = function(){}
let b = new a1(1);
let c = _new(a,1);//传a1会报错,es6的class必须new,否则apply报错:Uncaught TypeError: Class constructor a1 cannot be invoked without 'new'
console.log(b,c)
javascript
function _new() {
let target = {};
let [constructor, ...args] = [...arguments];
console.log(constructor,args)
target.__proto__ = constructor.prototype;
let result = constructor.apply(target,args);
if(result && (typeof result == 'object' || typeof result == 'function')) return result;
return target;
}
javascript
function create(){
//创建一个空对象
let obj = new Object();
//获取构造函数
let fn = [].shift.call(arguments);
//链接到原型
obj.__proto__ = fn.prototype;
//绑定this值
let result = fn.apply(obj,arguments);//使用apply,将构造函数中的this指向新对象,这样新对象就可以访问构造函数中的属性和方法
//返回新对象
return typeof result === "object" ? result : obj;//如果返回值是一个对象就返回该对象,否则返回构造函数的一个实例对象
}
instanceof
a instanceof b ,判断a是否b的实例,即a从b处new出来
javascript
function instanceOf(left,right) {
let proto = left.__proto__;
let prototype = right.prototype;
while(true) {
if(proto === null) return false
if(proto === prototype) return true
proto = proto.__proto__;
}
}
object.create
会将参数对象作为一个新创建的空对象的原型, 并返回这个空对象,且继承原对象
javascript
function _create(obj){
function C(){}
C.prototype = obj;
return new C();
}
var obj1 = {name: "Lilei"};
var lilei = _create(obj1);
lilei; // {}
lilei.name; // "Lilei"
深复制
javascript
function deepClone(obj, hash = new WeakMap()) {
if (obj instanceof RegExp) return new RegExp(obj);
if (obj instanceof Date) return new Date(obj);
if (obj === null || typeof obj !== "object") return obj;
if (hash.has(obj)) {
return hash.get(obj);
}
//obj为Array,相当于new Array()
//obj为Object,相当于new Object()
let constr = new obj.constructor();
hash.set(obj, constr);
for (let key in obj) {
if (obj.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
constr[key] = deepClone(obj[key], hash);
}
}
return constr;
}
var o1 = new Object();
var o2 = new Object();
o1.next = o2;
o2.next = o1;
var target = [
0,
null,
undefined,
NaN,
[1, 2],
{ name: "a", obj: { a: 1 } },
function a() {
return 1;
},
new Date("2020-01-01"),
new RegExp(/aaa/),
o1,
];
序列化法(只能处理数组和对象,且对象不能成环)
javascript
function deepClone(obj) {
return JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(obj));
}
防抖节流
防抖:触发事件后在 n 秒内函数只能执行一次,如果在 n 秒内又触发了事件,则会重新计算函数执行时间。
javascript
function debounce(fn, wait, immediate) {
let timer = null;
let one = immediate;
return function (...args) {
if (one) {
one = false;
fn(...args);
} else {
if (timer !== null) {
clearTimeout(timer);
}
timer = setTimeout(() => {
fn(...args);
}, wait);
}
};
}
var handle = debounce(function (val) {
console.log("搜索了" + val);
}, 1000,true)
window.onclick = function () {
handle(Math.random())
}
节流:连续触发事件但是在 n 秒中只执行一次函数。节流会稀释函数的执行频率。
javascript
function throttle(fn, wait, isDate, ...args) {
let previous = 0;
let timer = null;
return function () {
if (isDate) {
let now = new Date().getTime();
if (now - previous > wait) {
previous = now;
fn(...args);
}
} else {
if (timer === null) {
timer = setTimeout(() => {
timer = null;
fn(...args);
}, wait);
}
}
};
}
function handle(...a) {
console.log(a, Math.random());
}
window.addEventListener("click", throttle(handle, 1000, true, 1,2,3));
函数柯里化
Currying 是把接受多个参数的函数变换成接受一个单一参数的函数,并且返回接受余下的参数而且返回结果的新函数的技术。参数复用,延迟执行,固定易变因素
javascript
// 支持多参数传递
const curry = (fn, ...args) =>
args.length < fn.length
? (...arguments) => curry(fn, ...args, ...arguments)
: fn(...args);
function sumFn(a, b, c) {
return a + b + c;
}
var sum = curry(sumFn);
sum(1, 2, 3);
sum(1)(2, 3);
sum(1)(2)(3);
反柯里化:把原来已经固定的参数或者 this 上下文等当作参数延迟到未来传递
javascript
function add() {
// 第一次执行时,定义一个数组专门用来存储所有的参数
var _args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments);
console.log(1, arguments, _args);
// 在内部声明一个函数,利用闭包的特性保存_args并收集所有的参数值
var _adder = function () {
_args.push(...arguments);
console.log(2, arguments, _args);
return _adder;
};
// 利用toString隐式转换的特性,当最后执行时隐式转换,并计算最终的值返回
_adder.toString = function () {
console.log(3, _args);
return _args.reduce(function (a, b) {
console.log(4, _args, a, b);
return a + b;
});
};
console.log(5, _args);
return _adder;
}
add(1)(2)(3) = 6;
add(1, 2, 3)(4) = 10;
add(1)(2)(3)(4)(5) = 15;
add(1, 2, 3)(4, 5)(6) = 21;
/*
1 Arguments(3) [1, 2, 3, callee: ƒ, Symbol(Symbol.iterator): ƒ] (3) [1, 2, 3]
5 (3) [1, 2, 3]
2 Arguments(2) [4, 5, callee: ƒ, Symbol(Symbol.iterator): ƒ] (5) [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
2 Arguments [6, callee: ƒ, Symbol(Symbol.iterator): ƒ] (6) [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
3 (6) [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
4 (6) [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6] 1 2
4 (6) [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6] 3 3
4 (6) [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6] 6 4
4 (6) [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6] 10 5
4 (6) [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6] 15 6
ƒ 21
*/
依赖注入
A 想调用 B 的某些方法,于是 A 里面就要 new 一个 B,后来 A 不用 B 了,想用 C,于是就需要改 A 的代码,new B 变为 new C,代码耦合性高。
因此,如果有一个容器能给到 A,A 就能用到 B、C、D...的方法,而且没经调用的方法,不实例化对象,同样 B 也能通过容器用到其它方法,于是就用到依赖注入与控制反转。
javascript
//es6
class injector{
constructor(){
this.hadinstance = true;
console.log('实例化injector,只有hadinstance:',this.hadinstance);
}
A(){
console.log('实例化A');
return new A();
}
B(){
console.log('实例化B');
return new B();
}
}
class myClass1{
constructor(injector){
this.myInjector = injector;
}
}
class A{
constructor(){
this.a = 'a';
this.say=function(){
alert('A');
}
}
}
class B{
constructor(){
this.b = 'b';
this.say=function(){
alert('B');
}
}
}
let test = new myClass1(new injector());//实例化injector,只有hadinstance: true
Object.getOwnPropertyNames(test);//["myContainer"]
Object.getOwnPropertyNames(injector.prototype);//(3) ["constructor", "A", "B"]
Object.getOwnPropertyNames(new injector());//["hadinstance"]
Object.getOwnPropertyNames(new A());//(2) ["a", "say"]
test.myInjector.A().say();//实例化A
test.myInjector.B().b;//实例化B
//es5
function injector(){
this.hadinstance = true;
console.log('实例化injector,只有hadinstance:',this.hadinstance);
}
injector.prototype.A = function(){
console.log('实例化A');
return new A();
};
injector.prototype.B = function(){
console.log('实例化B');
return new B();
};
function myClass1(injector){
this.myInjector = injector;
}
function A(){
this.a = 'a';
this.say=function(){
alert('A');
}
}
function B(){
this.b = 'b';
this.say=function(){
alert('B');
}
}
let test = new myClass1(new injector());//实例化injector,只有hadinstance: true
Object.getOwnPropertyNames(test);//["myContainer"]
Object.getOwnPropertyNames(injector.prototype);//(3) ["constructor", "A", "B"]
Object.getOwnPropertyNames(new injector());//["hadinstance"]
Object.getOwnPropertyNames(new A());//(2) ["a", "say"]
test.myInjector.A().say();//实例化A
test.myInjector.B().b;//实例化B
寄生组合继承
javascript
let Point = class Point {
constructor(x, y) {
this.x = x;
this.y = y;
}
toString() {
return '(' + this.x + ', ' + this.y + ')';
}
//属性名
[methodName]() {
}
//不可继承的静态方法
static classMethod() {
return 'hello';
}
get prop() {
return 'getter';
}
set prop(value) {
console.log('setter: '+value);
}
}
let ColorPoint = class ColorPoint extends Point {
constructor(x, y, color) {
super(x, y); // 调用父类的constructor(x, y),super后才能使用this
this.color = color;
}
toString() {
return this.color + ' ' + super.toString(); // 调用父类的toString()
}
}
let colorPoint = new ColorPoint(1,2,'red');
console.log(colorPoint.toString());
javascript
function createObject(o){
function fn(){}
fn.prototype = o;
return new fn();
}
function Son(){
Father.call(this)
}
Son.prototype = createObject(Father.prototype)
Son.prototype.constructor = Son;
var son = new Son('son');
console.log(son.sleep()) // son正在睡觉
console.log(son.look('TV')) // son正在看TV
工厂模式
把相同代码放到一个函数中,每次使用相同的功能或类,不需要重新编写代码
javascript
function createPerson(name, age) {
var obj = {};
obj.name = name;
obj.age = age;
obj.say = function () {
console.log('hello' + this.name);
}
return obj;
}
var p1 = createPerson('aaa' , 26);
p1.say();
单例模式
避免实例化多个对象
javascript
class People {
constructor(name) {
if (typeof People.instance === 'object') {
return People.instance;
}
People.instance = this;
this.name = name;
return this;
}
}
var a = new People('a');//People {name: "a"}
var b = new People('b');//People {name: "a"}
console.log(a===b);//true
//es5
function People(name) {
this.name = name;
}
People.getInstance = function(name) {
if (!this.instance) {
this.instance = new People(name);
}
return this.instance;
}
var a = People.getInstance('a');//People{name: "a"}
var b = People.getInstance('b');//People{name: "a"}
console.log(a===b);//true
function Animal(name) {
this.name = name
}
const AnimalSingle = (function () {
let animalSingle = null
return function (name) {
if(animalSingle){
return animalSingle
}
return animalSingle = new Animal(name)
}
})();
const animal1 = new AnimalSingle('dog')
const animal2 = new AnimalSingle('cat')
console.log(animal1.name); // dog
console.log(animal2.name); // dog
发布订阅观察者
观察者模式
观察者注入被观察目标,被观察目标数据变化,通知观察者更新
发布、订阅模式
订阅者订阅(注入)调度中心,发布者发布事件到调度中心,调度中心调用订阅者方法
当一个对象的状态发生变化时,能够自动通知其他关联对象,自动刷新对象状态
javascript
class PubSub {
constructor() {
this.handles = {};
}
// 订阅事件
on(eventType, handle) {
if (!this.handles.hasOwnProperty(eventType)) {
this.handles[eventType] = [];
}
if (typeof handle == 'function') {
this.handles[eventType].push(handle);
}
else {
throw new Error('缺少回调函数');
}
return this;
}
// 发布事件
emit(eventType, ...args) {
if (this.handles.hasOwnProperty(eventType)) {
this.handles[eventType].forEach((item, key, arr) => {
item.apply(null, args);
})
}
else {
throw new Error(`"${eventType}"事件未注册`);
}
return this;
}
// 删除事件
off(eventType, handle) {
if (!this.handles.hasOwnProperty(eventType)) {
throw new Error(`"${eventType}"事件未注册`);
}
else if (typeof handle != 'function') {
throw new Error('缺少回调函数');
}
else {
this.handles[eventType].forEach((item, key, arr) => {
if (item == handle) {
arr.splice(key, 1);
}
})
}
return this; // 实现链式操作
}
}
let callback = function () {
console.log('you are so nice');
}
let pubsub = new PubSub();
pubsub.on('completed', (...args) => {
console.log(args.join(' '));
}).on('completed', callback);
pubsub.emit('completed', '1', '2', '3');
pubsub.off('completed', callback);
pubsub.emit('completed', '4', '5');
javascript
const EventEmit = function() {
this.events = {};
this.on = function(name, cb) {
if (this.events[name]) {
this.events[name].push(cb);
} else {
this.events[name] = [cb];
}
};
this.trigger = function(name, ...arg) {
if (this.events[name]) {
this.events[name].forEach(eventListener => {
eventListener(...arg);
});
}
};
};
//业务
let event = new EventEmit();
event.trigger('success');
MessageCenter.fetch() {
event.on('success', () => {
console.log('更新消息中心');
});
}
Order.update() {
event.on('success', () => {
console.log('更新订单信息');
});
}
Checker.alert() {
event.on('success', () => {
console.log('通知管理员');
});
}
Promise
Promise A+规范
javascript
class Promise {
constructor(executor) {
this.status = "pending"; // 初始化状态
this.value = undefined; // 初始化成功返回的值
this.reason = undefined; // 初始化失败返回的原因
// 解决处理异步的resolve
this.onResolvedCallbacks = []; // 存放所有成功的resolve
this.onRejectedCallbacks = []; // 存放所有失败的reject
/**
* @param {*} value 成功返回值
* 定义resolve方法
* 注意:状态只能从pending->fulfilled和pending->rejected两个
*/
const resolve = (value) => {
if (this.status === "pending") {
this.status = "fulfilled"; // 成功时将状态转换为成功态fulfilled
this.value = value; // 将成功返回的值赋值给promise
// 为了解决异步resolve以及返回多层promise
this.onResolvedCallbacks.forEach((fn) => {
fn(); // 当状态变为成功态依次执行所有的resolve函数
});
}
};
const reject = (reason) => {
if (this.status === "pending") {
this.status = "rejected"; // 失败时将状态转换为成功态失败态rejected
this.reason = reason; // 将失败返回的原因赋值给promise
this.onRejectedCallbacks.forEach((fn) => {
fn(); // 当状态变为失败态依次执行所有的reject函数
});
}
};
executor(resolve, reject); // 执行promise传的回调函数
}
/**
* 定义promise的then方法
* @param {*} onFulfilled 成功的回调
* @param {*} onRejected 失败的回调
*/
then(onFulfilled, onRejected) {
// 为了解决then方法返回Promise的情况
const promise2 = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
if (this.status === "fulfilled") {
// 如果状态为fulfilled时则将值传给这个成功的回调
setTimeout(() => {
const x = onFulfilled(this.value); // x的值有可能为 promise || 123 || '123'...
// 注意:此时调用promise2时还没有返回值,要用setTimeout模拟进入第二次事件循环;先有鸡先有蛋
resolvePromise(promise2, x, resolve, reject);
}, 0);
}
if (this.status === "rejected") {
setTimeout(() => {
const x = onRejected(this.reason); // 如果状态为rejected时则将视频的原因传给失败的回调
resolvePromise(promise2, x, resolve, reject);
}, 0);
}
if (this.status === "pending") {
// 记录-》解决异步
this.onResolvedCallbacks.push(() => {
setTimeout(() => {
const x = onFulfilled(this.value);
resolvePromise(promise2, x, resolve, reject);
}, 0);
});
this.onRejectedCallbacks.push(() => {
setTimeout(() => {
const x = onRejected(this.reason);
resolvePromise(promise2, x, resolve, reject);
}, 0);
});
}
});
return promise2; // 解决多次链式调用的问题
}
}
const resolvePromise = (promise2, x, resolve, reject) => {
// console.log(promise2, x, resolve, reject)
if (promise2 === x) {
// 如果返回的值与then方法返回的值相同时
throw TypeError("循环引用");
}
// 判断x是不是promise;注意:null的typeof也是object要排除
if (typeof x === "function" || (typeof x === "object" && x !== null)) {
try {
const then = x.then; // 获取返回值x上的then方法;注意方法会报错要捕获异常;原因111
if (typeof then === "function") {
// 就认为是promise
then.call(
x,
(y) => {
// resolve(y)
// 递归解析 ; 有可能返回多个嵌套的promise
resolvePromise(promise2, y, resolve, reject);
},
(r) => {
reject(r);
}
);
}
} catch (e) {
reject(e);
}
} else {
resolve(x);
}
};
module.exports = Promise;
Promise.resolve
javascript
Promise.resolve = function(value) {
// 如果是 Promsie,则直接输出它
if(value instanceof Promise){
return value
}
return new Promise(resolve => resolve(value))
}
Promise.reject
javascript
Promise.reject = function(reason) {
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => reject(reason))
}
promise.all
promise.all
功能
- Promise.all(iterable) 返回新 Promise
- iterable 中存在参数不为 promise,视此参数 resolve
- 所有 promise 都 resolve,返回 resolve
- 存在 promise reject,返回第一个 reject
特点
- 如果传入的参数为空的可迭代对象, Promise.all 会 同步 返回一个已完成状态的 promise
- 如果传入的参数中不包含任何 promise, Promise.all 会 异步 返回一个已完成状态的 promise
- 其它情况下, Promise.all 返回一个 处理中(pending) 状态的 promise
状态
- 如果传入的参数中的 promise 都变成完成状态, Promise.all 返回的 promise 异步变为完成
- 如果传入的参数中,有一个 promise 失败, Promise.all 异步地将失败的那个结果给失败状态的回调函数,而不管其它 promise 是否完成
- 在任何情况下, Promise.all 返回的 promise 的完成状态的结果都是一个数组
实现
javascript
Promise.all = function (promises) {
//省略参数合法性检查
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
promises = Array.from(promises);
if (promises.length === 0) {
resolve([]);
} else {
let result = [];
let index = 0;
for (let i = 0; i < promises.length; i++) {
Promise.resolve(promises[i]).then(
(data) => {
result[i] = data;
if (++index === promises.length) {
resolve(result);
}
},
(err) => {
reject(err);
return;
}
);
}
}
});
};
var p = Promise.all([1, 2, 3]);
// Promise {<resolved>: Array(3)}
// __proto__: Promise
// [[PromiseStatus]]: "resolved"
// [[PromiseValue]]: Array(3)
// 0: 1
// 1: 2
// 2: 3
// length: 3
// __proto__: Array(0)
var p2 = Promise.all([1, 2, 3, Promise.resolve(444)]);
// Promise {<resolved>: Array(4)}
// __proto__: Promise
// [[PromiseStatus]]: "resolved"
// [[PromiseValue]]: Array(4)
var p3 = Promise.all([1, 2, 3, Promise.reject(555)]);
// Promise {<rejected>: 555}
// __proto__: Promise
// [[PromiseStatus]]: "rejected"
// [[PromiseValue]]: 555
promise.race
- 功能
Promise.race 返回的仍然是一个 Promise,它的状态与第一个完成的 Promise 的状态相同;如果传入的参数是不可迭代的,那么将会抛出错误。
- 实现
javascript
Promise.ra_ce = function (promises) {
promises = Array.from(promises);
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
if (promises.length === 0) {
return;
} else {
for (let i = 0; i < promises.length; i++) {
Promise.resolve(promises[i]).then(
(data) => {
resolve(data);
return;
},
(err) => {
reject(err);
return;
}
);
}
}
});
};
promise.finally
- 功能
不管成功还是失败,都会走到 finally 中,并且 finally 之后,还可以继续 then。并且会将值原封不动的传递给后面的 then。
- 实现
javascript
Promise.prototype.finally = function (callback) {
return this.then(
(value) => {
return Promise.resolve(callback()).then(() => {
return value;
});
},
(err) => {
return Promise.resolve(callback()).then(() => {
throw err;
});
}
);
};
promise.allSettled
- 功能
返回一个promise,该promise在所有给定的promise已被解析或被拒绝后解析,并且每个对象都描述每个promise的结果。
- 实现
javascript
Promise.allSettled = function(promises) {
let count = 0
let result = []
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
promises.forEach((promise, index) => {
Promise.resolve(promise).then(res => {
result[index] = {
value: res,
reason: null,
}
}, err => {
result[index] = {
value: null,
reason: err,
}
}).finally(() => {
count++
if (count === promises.length) {
resolve(result)
}
})
})
})
}
promise.any
功能
- 空数组或者所有 Promise 都是 rejected,则返回状态是 rejected 的新 Promsie,且值为 AggregateError 的错误;
- 只要有一个是 fulfilled 状态的,则返回第一个是 fulfilled 的新实例;
- 其他情况都会返回一个 pending 的新实例;
实现
javascript
Promise.any = function(promiseArr) {
let index = 0
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
if (promiseArr.length === 0) return
promiseArr.forEach((p, i) => {
Promise.resolve(p).then(val => {
resolve(val)
}, err => {
index++
if (index === promiseArr.length) {
reject(new AggregateError('All promises were rejected'))
}
})
})
})
}
失败重试maxRequest次再reject
javascript
function maxRequest(fn, maxNum) {
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
if (maxNum === 0) {
reject('max request number')
return
}
Promise.resolve(fn()).then(value => {
resolve(value)
}).catch(() => {
return maxRequest(fn, maxNum - 1)
})
})
}
链式调用
方法链,当方法的返回值是一个对象,这个对象就可以继续调用它的方法。一般当函数不需要返回值时,直接 return this,余下的方法就可以基于此继续调用。
javascript
var obj = {};
obj.a = function () {
console.log("a");
return this;
};
obj.b = function () {
console.log("b");
return this;
};
obj.c = function () {
console.log("c");
console.log(this);
return this;
};
obj.a().b().c();
原生发送请求的几种方式
- xhr
javascript
sendXHR(url,data,async){
var params = new URLSearchParams();
for(let key in data){
params.set(key,JSON.stringify(data[key]));
}
var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.open('POST', url, async);// 第三个参数false表示同步发送
xhr.setRequestHeader('Content-Type', 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded');
// 上传完成后的回调函数
xhr.onreadystatechange = function () {
if (xhr.status === 200) {
console.log(xhr.responseText);
} else {
console.log("上传出错");
}
};
// 获取上传进度
xhr.upload.onprogress = function (event) {
console.log(event.loaded);
console.log(event.total);
if (event.lengthComputable) {
var percent = Math.floor((event.loaded / event.total) * 100);
document.querySelector("#progress .progress-item").style.width =
percent + "%";
// 设置进度显示
console.log(percent);
}
};
xhr.send(params);
xhr.onload = (response) => {
console.log(response);
}
xhr.onerror = (error) => {
console.log(error);
}
}
- navigator.sendBeacon
javascript
navigator.sendBeacon(url, blob/jsonString);
- fetch
javascript
fetch(url, {
body: JSON.stringify(data), // must match 'Content-Type' header
cache: 'no-cache', // *default, no-cache, reload, force-cache, only-if-cached
credentials: 'same-origin', // include, same-origin, *omit
headers: {
'user-agent': 'Mozilla/4.0 MDN Example',
'content-type': 'application/json'
},
method: 'POST', // *GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, etc.
mode: 'cors', // no-cors, cors, *same-origin
redirect: 'follow', // manual, *follow, error
referrer: 'no-referrer', // *client, no-referrer
})
.then(response => response.json()) // parses response to JSON
.catch(error => console.error('Error:', error))
.then(response => console.log('Success:', response));
实现ajax
javascript
function ajax(url, data, method='POST', async=true) {
return new Promise((resolve, reject) {
// 第一步,创建xmlHttpRequest
let xhr = new XMLHttpRequest()
// 第二步,设置请求方式
xhr.open(method, url, async)
//设置需要返回的数据类型
xhr.responseType = 'text';//json,blob,arrayBuffer
// 第三步, 调用回调函数
xhr.onreadyStateChange = function() {
//0初始化
//1请求已提出
//2请求已发送
//3请求处理中
//4请求已完成
if (xhr.readyState === 4) {
if (xhr.status === 200) {//服务器状态码
resolve(xhr.responseText)//响应文本
//responseXML响应XML/DOM
//responseBody响应主题
//responseStream响应数据流
} else {
reject(xhr.statusText)//状态码对应文本
}
} else {
reject(xhr.statusText)
}
}
// 第四步, 发送请求
xhr.send(data)
//abort()停止当前请求
//getAllResponseHeaders()所有响应请求头以键值形式返回
//getResponseHeader("header")返回指定头部值
//setRequestHeader("header","value")设置请求头一起发送
})
}
javascript
function ajax({ url, methods, body, headers }) {
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
let request = new XMLHttpRequest();
request.open(url, methods);
for (let key in headers) {
let value = headers[key];
request.setRequestHeader(key, value);
}
request.onreadystatechange = () => {
if (request.readyState === 4) {
if (request.status >= "200" && request.status < 300) {
resolve(request.responeText);
} else {
reject(request);
}
}
};
request.send(body);
});
}
发送跨域请求
- ajax 版
javascript
$.ajax({
type: "get",
async: false,
url: "...",
dataType: "jsonp",
jsonp: "callback",
jsonpCallback: "jsonhandle", //回调函数(参数值)
success: function (data) {},
});
- promise 版
javascript
function p(url){
let json;
let script = '<script id="jsonp" src="'+url+?callback=fn+'"></script>';
window.fn = function(data){
json = data;
}
//当script被插入文档中时,src中的资源就会开始加载
$(body).append(script);
return new Promise((resolve,reject)=>{
$("#jsonp").on("load",function(e){
resolve(json);
})
$("#jsonp").on("error",function(e){
reject(json);
})
});
}
p('http://localhost:8082').then(data=>{
console.log(data);
throw('err before then');
}).catch(err => {
//可以捕捉到then里的err befor then也可以捕捉到new Promise里的err in promise。
console.log(err)
});
继发和并发
javascript
//继发关系比较耗时
async function dbFuc(db) {
let foo = await getFoo();
let bar = await getBar();
}
//应该采用并发
async function dbFuc(db) {
// 写法一
let [foo, bar] = await Promise.all([getFoo(), getBar()]);
// 写法二
let fooPromise = getFoo();
let barPromise = getBar();
let foo = await fooPromise;
let bar = await barPromise;
}
//完整样例
let func1 = () => {
return new Promise((res, rej) => {
setTimeout(() => {
res(1);
}, 3000);
});
};
let func2 = () => {
return new Promise((res, rej) => {
setTimeout(() => {
res(2);
}, 2000);
});
};
let func3 = () => {
return new Promise((res, rej) => {
setTimeout(() => {
res(3);
}, 1000);
});
};
let post = async () => {
let f1Promise = func1();
let f2Promise = func2();
let f3Promise = func3();
let f1 = await f1Promise;
console.log(f1);
let f2 = await f2Promise;
console.log(f2);
let f3 = await f3Promise;
console.log(f3);
return [f1, f2, f3];
};
window.onload = () => {
post().then((data) => {
console.log(data);
});
};
带缓冲区的继发请求
javascript
let getResult = (time = 1000) => {
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
setTimeout(() => {
resolve(time);
}, time);
});
};
let problem2 = (bufferCount, totalCount) => {
let myTotalCount = totalCount;
let myBufferCount = bufferCount;
let result = [];
//async await 带缓冲区继发请求,套娃无法错误重发
let next = async () => {
myBufferCount--;
myTotalCount--;
let response = await getResult(parseInt(Math.random() * 1000));
result.push(response);
myBufferCount++;
console.log("next1", myBufferCount, myTotalCount, result);
if (myTotalCount > 0) {
next();
}
};
let perform = async () => {
myBufferCount--;
myTotalCount--;
console.log("perform1", myBufferCount, myTotalCount, result);
let response = await getResult(parseInt(Math.random() * 1000));
result.push(response);
myBufferCount++;
console.log("perform2", myBufferCount, myTotalCount, result);
if (myTotalCount > 0) {
next();
}
};
for (let i = 0; i < bufferCount; i++) {
perform();
}
//promise 带缓冲区继发请求,套娃无法错误重发
let cb = () => {
console.log("call cb");
myBufferCount--;
myTotalCount--;
getResult(parseInt(Math.random() * 1000)).then((data) => {
result.push(data);
myBufferCount++;
console.log("cb1", myBufferCount, myTotalCount, result);
if (myTotalCount > 0) {
cb();
}
});
};
let post = () => {
myBufferCount--;
myTotalCount--;
console.log("post1", myBufferCount, myTotalCount, result);
getResult(parseInt(Math.random() * 1000)).then((data) => {
result.push(data);
myBufferCount++;
console.log("post2", myBufferCount, myTotalCount, result);
if (myTotalCount > 0) {
cb();
}
});
};
for (let i = 0; i < bufferCount; i++) {
post();
}
//setInterval 带缓冲区继发请求,可错误重发,但速度没上面2种快
let timer = setInterval(() => {
if (myTotalCount <= 0) {
clearInterval(timer);
}
if (myBufferCount > 0 && myTotalCount > 0) {
let response = getResult(parseInt(Math.random() * 1000));
myBufferCount--;
myTotalCount--;
response.then((data) => {
myBufferCount++;
result.push(data);
console.log(
2,
myBufferCount,
myTotalCount,
result,
result.length
);
});
}
console.log(1, myBufferCount, myTotalCount, result, result.length);
}, 500);
};
problem2(3, 10);
javascript
function multiRequest(urls = [], maxNum) {
// 请求总数量
const len = urls.length;
// 根据请求数量创建一个数组来保存请求的结果
const result = new Array(len).fill(false);
// 当前完成的数量
let count = 0;
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
// 请求maxNum个
while (count < maxNum) {
next();
}
function next() {
let current = count++;
// 处理边界条件
if (current >= len) {
// 请求全部完成就将promise置为成功状态, 然后将result作为promise值返回
!result.includes(false) && resolve(result);
return;
}
const url = urls[current];
console.log(`开始 ${current}`, new Date().toLocaleString());
fetch(url)
.then((res) => {
// 保存请求结果
result[current] = res;
console.log(`完成 ${current}`, new Date().toLocaleString());
// 请求没有全部完成, 就递归
if (current < len) {
next();
}
})
.catch((err) => {
console.log(`结束 ${current}`, new Date().toLocaleString());
result[current] = err;
// 请求没有全部完成, 就递归
if (current < len) {
next();
}
});
}
});
}
多个异步操作,可 await Promise.all
javascript
async function dbFuc(db) {
let docs = [{}, {}, {}];
let promises = docs.map((doc) => db.post(doc));
let results = await Promise.all(promises);
console.log(results);
}
async function dbFuc(db) {
let docs = [{}, {}, {}];
let promises = docs.map((doc) => db.post(doc));
let results = [];
for (let promise of promises) {
results.push(await promise);
}
console.log(results);
}
async函数实现
javascript
async function fn(args) {
// ...
}
// 等同于
function fn(args) {
return spawn(function* () {
// ...
});
}
function spawn(genF) {
//genF为*
return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
const gen = genF();
function step(nextF) {
let next;
try {
next = nextF();
} catch (e) {
return reject(e);
}
if (next.done) {
return resolve(next.value);
}
Promise.resolve(next.value).then(
function (v) {
step(function () {
return gen.next(v);
});
},
function (e) {
step(function () {
return gen.throw(e);
});
}
);
}
step(function () {
return gen.next(undefined);
});
});
}
统计词频
javascript
let words = [
"plpaboutit",
"jnoqzdute",
"sfvkdqf",
"mjc",
"nkpllqzjzp",
"foqqenbey",
"ssnanizsav",
"nkpllqzjzp",
"sfvkdqf",
"isnjmy",
"pnqsz",
"hhqpvvt",
"fvvdtpnzx",
"jkqonvenhx",
"cyxwlef",
"hhqpvvt",
"fvvdtpnzx",
"plpaboutit",
"sfvkdqf",
"mjc",
"fvvdtpnzx",
"bwumsj",
"foqqenbey",
"isnjmy",
"nkpllqzjzp",
"hhqpvvt",
"foqqenbey",
"fvvdtpnzx",
"bwumsj",
"hhqpvvt",
"fvvdtpnzx",
"jkqonvenhx",
"jnoqzdute",
"foqqenbey",
"jnoqzdute",
"foqqenbey",
"hhqpvvt",
"ssnanizsav",
"mjc",
"foqqenbey",
"bwumsj",
"ssnanizsav",
"fvvdtpnzx",
"nkpllqzjzp",
"jkqonvenhx",
"hhqpvvt",
"mjc",
"isnjmy",
"bwumsj",
"pnqsz",
"hhqpvvt",
"nkpllqzjzp",
"jnoqzdute",
"pnqsz",
"nkpllqzjzp",
"jnoqzdute",
"foqqenbey",
"nkpllqzjzp",
"hhqpvvt",
"fvvdtpnzx",
"plpaboutit",
"jnoqzdute",
"sfvkdqf",
"fvvdtpnzx",
"jkqonvenhx",
"jnoqzdute",
"nkpllqzjzp",
"jnoqzdute",
"fvvdtpnzx",
"jkqonvenhx",
"hhqpvvt",
"isnjmy",
"jkqonvenhx",
"ssnanizsav",
"jnoqzdute",
"jkqonvenhx",
"fvvdtpnzx",
"hhqpvvt",
"bwumsj",
"nkpllqzjzp",
"bwumsj",
"jkqonvenhx",
"jnoqzdute",
"pnqsz",
"foqqenbey",
"sfvkdqf",
"sfvkdqf",
];
let dictionary = new Array();
for (let i = 0; i < words.length; i++) {
if (!dictionary[words[i]]) {
dictionary[words[i]] = 1;
} else {
dictionary[words[i]]++;
}
}
let result = Object.keys(dictionary).sort((a, b) => {
if (dictionary[a] == dictionary[b]) {
if (a > b) {
return 1;
} else {
return -1;
}
}
return dictionary[b] - dictionary[a];
});
for (let value of result) {
console.log(value, dictionary[value]);
}
双向数据绑定
javascript
<input id="input" />;
const data = {};
const input = document.getElementById("input");
Object.defineProperty(data, "text", {
set(value) {
input.value = value;
this.value = value;
},
});
input.onchange = function (e) {
data.text = e.target.value;
};
数据格式处理
- 嵌套数组扁平化
es6 flat(扁平层数)
javascript
var testArr = [10, 2, [3, 4, [5, [55]]]];
testArr.flat(Infinity);
toString
javascript
var testArr = [10, 2, [3, 4, [5, [55]]]]
[...testArr.toString().split(',')]
join/split/map
javascript
var testArr = [10, 2, [3, 4, [5, [55]]]];
testArr.toString().split(",").map(Number);
testArr.join().split(",").map(Number);
包含非数字类型
javascript
const flattern = (arr) => {
const result = [];
arr.forEach((item) => {
if (Array.isArray(item)) {
result.push(...flattern(item));
} else {
result.push(item);
}
});
return result;
};
- 嵌套对象的扁平化和反扁平化
扁平化输入
javascript
var obj = {
a: {
b: {
c: {
d: 1,
},
},
},
aa: 2,
c: [1, 2],
};
输出
javascript
{ 'a.b.c.d': 1, 'aa': 2, 'c[0]': 1, 'c[1]': 2 }
扁平化 1
javascript
let str = "";
let o = {};
function objFlatten(obj) {
Object.keys(obj).map((item) => {
if (Object.prototype.toString.call(obj[item]) === "[object Object]") {
//如果是对象,记录"item1.item2.",不断递归
str += item + ".";
objFlatten(obj[item]);
} else if (
Object.prototype.toString.call(obj[item]) === "[object Array]"
) {
//如果是数组,向对象循环添加属性,o.c[0],o.c[1]
obj[item].forEach((ele, index) => (o[item + `[${index}]`] = ele));
} else {
//如果是基础类型,加入最后的item变为"item1.item2.item3",向o添加str记录的属性并赋值,清空str
str += item;
o[str] = obj[item];
str = "";
}
});
}
扁平化 2
javascript
Object.flatten = function (obj) {
var result = {};
function recurse(src, prop) {
var toString = Object.prototype.toString;
if (toString.call(src) == "[object Object]") {
var isEmpty = true;
for (var p in src) {
isEmpty = false;
recurse(src[p], prop ? prop + "." + p : p);
}
if (isEmpty && prop) {
result[prop] = {};
}
} else if (toString.call(src) == "[object Array]") {
var len = src.length;
if (len > 0) {
src.forEach(function (item, index) {
recurse(item, prop ? prop + ".[" + index + "]" : index);
});
} else {
result[prop] = [];
}
} else {
result[prop] = src;
}
}
recurse(obj, "");
return result;
};
反扁平化 1
javascript
Object.unflatten = function (data) {
if (Object(data) !== data || Array.isArray(data)) return data;
var regex = /\.?([^.\[\]]+)|\[(\d+)\]/g,
resultholder = {};
for (var p in data) {
var cur = resultholder,
prop = "",
m;
while ((m = regex.exec(p))) {
cur = cur[prop] || (cur[prop] = m[2] ? [] : {});
prop = m[2] || m[1];
}
cur[prop] = data[p];
}
return resultholder[""] || resultholder;
};
反扁平化 2
javascript
Object.unflatten2 = function (data) {
if (Object(data) !== data || Array.isArray(data)) return data;
var result = {},
cur,
prop,
idx,
last,
temp;
for (var p in data) {
(cur = result), (prop = ""), (last = 0);
do {
idx = p.indexOf(".", last);
temp = p.substring(last, idx !== -1 ? idx : undefined);
cur = cur[prop] || (cur[prop] = !isNaN(parseInt(temp)) ? [] : {});
prop = temp;
last = idx + 1;
} while (idx >= 0);
cur[prop] = data[p];
}
return result[""];
};
- 数组去重
set
javascript
var testArr = [1,2,2,3,4,4]
[... new Set(testArr)]
处理对象
javascript
let arr1 = [
{ id: 1, name: "汤小梦" },
{ id: 2, name: "石小明" },
{ id: 3, name: "前端开发" },
{ id: 1, name: "web前端" },
];
const unique = (arr, key) => {
return [...new Map(arr.map((item) => [item[key], item])).values()];
};
console.log(unique(arr1, "id"));
- 合并数组
es5
javascript
let arr5 = arr3.concat(arr4);
es6
javascript
let arr6 = [...arr3, ...arr4];
- 是否为数组
instanceof
javascript
console.log(arr instanceof Array);
constructor
javascript
console.log(arr.constructor === Array);
是否数组的方法
javascript
console.log(!!arr.push && !!arr.concat);
toString
javascript
console.log(Object.prototype.toString.call(arr) === "[object Array]");
isArray
javascript
console.log(Array.isArray(arr));
- 交换两个数
javascript
a = a + b;
b = a - b;
a = a - b;
//或
a = a ^ b;
b = a ^ b;
a = a ^ b;
- 快速浮点数转整数
javascript
console.log(23.9 | 0); // Result: 23
console.log(-23.9 | 0); // Result: -23
- 删除最后一个数字
javascript
let str = "1553";
Number(str.substring(0, str.length - 1));
console.log((1553 / 10) | 0); // Result: 155
console.log((1553 / 100) | 0); // Result: 15
console.log((1553 / 1000) | 0); // Result: 1
- 去除数组中的空值,假值
javascript
var u = [undefined, undefined, 1, "", "false", false, true, null, "null"];
u.filter((d) => d);
- Set 实现并集(Union)、交集(Intersect)和差集(Difference)
javascript
let a = new Set([1, 2, 3]);
let b = new Set([4, 3, 2]);
// 并集
let union = new Set([...a, ...b]);
// Set {1, 2, 3, 4}
// 交集
let intersect = new Set([...a].filter((x) => b.has(x))); //ES6
var intersect = new Set(
[...a].filter(function (x) {
return b.has(x);
})
);
// set {2, 3}
// 差集
let difference = new Set([...a].filter((x) => !b.has(x)));
// Set {1}
- 对象数组去重
javascript
let arr = [
{ a: 1, b: 2 },
{ b: 2, a: 1 },
{ a: 2, b: 2 },
{ a: "1", b: "2" },
];
let sortObjectByKeys = (obj) => {
let keys = Object.keys(obj).sort();
let newObj = {};
keys.forEach((value, index, array) => {
newObj[value] = obj[value];
});
return newObj;
};
let uniqueObjectArray = (arr) => {
let set = new Set();
arr.forEach((value, index, array) => {
let newValue = sortObjectByKeys(value);
set.add(JSON.stringify(newValue));
});
let newArr = [...set];
newArr.forEach((value, index, array) => {
newArr[index] = JSON.parse(value);
});
return newArr;
};
console.log(uniqueObjectArray(arr));
- 平滑滚动到页面顶部
javascript
function scrollToTop() {
var c = document.documentElement.scrollTop || document.body.scrollTop;
if (c > 0) {
window.requestAnimationFrame(scrollToTop);
window.scrollTo(0, c - c / 8);
}
}
- 日期格式转换
javascript
Date.prototype.format = function (formatStr) {
var str = formatStr;
var Week = ["日", "一", "二", "三", "四", "五", "六"];
str = str.replace(/yyyy|YYYY/, this.getFullYear());
str = str.replace(
/yy|YY/,
this.getYear() % 100 > 9
? (this.getYear() % 100).toString()
: "0" + (this.getYear() % 100)
);
str = str.replace(
/MM/,
this.getMonth() + 1 > 9
? (this.getMonth() + 1).toString()
: "0" + (this.getMonth() + 1)
);
str = str.replace(/M/g, this.getMonth() + 1);
str = str.replace(/w|W/g, Week[this.getDay()]);
str = str.replace(
/dd|DD/,
this.getDate() > 9 ? this.getDate().toString() : "0" + this.getDate()
);
str = str.replace(/d|D/g, this.getDate());
str = str.replace(
/hh|HH/,
this.getHours() > 9
? this.getHours().toString()
: "0" + this.getHours()
);
str = str.replace(/h|H/g, this.getHours());
str = str.replace(
/mm/,
this.getMinutes() > 9
? this.getMinutes().toString()
: "0" + this.getMinutes()
);
str = str.replace(/m/g, this.getMinutes());
str = str.replace(
/ss|SS/,
this.getSeconds() > 9
? this.getSeconds().toString()
: "0" + this.getSeconds()
);
str = str.replace(/s|S/g, this.getSeconds());
return str;
};
// 或
Date.prototype.format = function (format) {
var o = {
"M+": this.getMonth() + 1, //month
"d+": this.getDate(), //day
"h+": this.getHours(), //hour
"m+": this.getMinutes(), //minute
"s+": this.getSeconds(), //second
"q+": Math.floor((this.getMonth() + 3) / 3), //quarter
S: this.getMilliseconds(), //millisecond
};
if (/(y+)/.test(format))
format = format.replace(
RegExp.$1,
(this.getFullYear() + "").substr(4 - RegExp.$1.length)
);
for (var k in o) {
if (new RegExp("(" + k + ")").test(format))
format = format.replace(
RegExp.$1,
RegExp.$1.length == 1
? o[k]
: ("00" + o[k]).substr(("" + o[k]).length)
);
}
return format;
};
alert(new Date().format("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss"));
- 返回日期数列里与目标数列最近的日期下标
javascript
const getNearestDateIndex = (targetDate, dates) => {
if (!targetDate || !dates) {
throw new Error('Argument(s) is illegal !')
}
if (!dates.length) {
return -1
}
const distances = dates.map(date => Math.abs(date - targetDate))
return distances.indexOf(Math.min(...distances))
}
// e.g.
const targetDate = new Date(2019, 7, 20)
const dates = [
new Date(2018, 0, 1),
new Date(2019, 0, 1),
new Date(2020, 0, 1),
]
getNearestDateIndex(targetDate, dates) // 2
- 返回日期数列里最小的日期
javascript
const getMinDate = dates => {
if (!dates) {
throw new Error('Argument(s) is illegal !')
}
if (!dates.length) {
return dates
}
return new Date(Math.min.apply(null, dates)).toISOString()
}
// e.g.
const dates = [
new Date(2018, 3, 10),
new Date(2019, 3, 10),
new Date(2020, 3, 10),
]
getMinDate(dates) // 2018-04-09T16:00:00.000Z
- 打乱数组
javascript
const arrayShuffle = array => {
if (!Array.isArray(array)) {
throw new Error('Argument must be an array')
}
let end = array.length
if (!end) {
return array
}
while (end) {
let start = Math.floor(Math.random() * end--);
[array[start], array[end]] = [array[end], array[start]]
}
return array
}
// e.g.
arrayShuffle([1, 2, 3])
- 判断是否支持webp图片格式
javascript
const canUseWebp = () => (document.createElement('canvas').toDataURL('image/webp', 0.5).indexOf('data:image/webp') === 0)
// e.g.
canUseWebp() // 新版的chrome里为true,火狐里为false
- 连字符与驼峰互转
javascript
const toCamelCase = (str = '', separator = '-') => {
if (typeof str !== 'string') {
throw new Error('Argument must be a string')
}
if (str === '') {
return str
}
const newExp = new RegExp('\\-\(\\w\)', 'g')
return str.replace(newExp, (matched, $1) => {
return $1.toUpperCase()
})
}
// e.g.
toCamelCase('hello-world') // helloWorld
const fromCamelCase = (str = '', separator = '-') => {
if (typeof str !== 'string') {
throw new Error('Argument must be a string')
}
if (str === '') {
return str
}
return str.replace(/([A-Z])/g, `${separator}$1`).toLowerCase()
}
// e.g.
fromCamelCase('helloWorld') // hello-world
- 等级判断
javascript
const getLevel = (value = 0, ratio = 50, levels = '一二三四五') => {
if (typeof value !== 'number') {
throw new Error('Argument must be a number')
}
const levelHash = '一二三四五'.split('')
const max = levelHash[levelHash.length - 1]
return levelHash[Math.floor(value / ratio)] || max
}
// e.g.
getLevel(0) // 一
getLevel(40) // 一
getLevel(77) // 二
- 判断dom是否相等
javascript
const isEqualNode = (dom1, dom2) => dom1.isEqualNode(dom2)
- 文件尺寸格式化
javascript
const formatSize = size => {
if (typeof +size !== 'number') {
throw new Error('Argument(s) is illegal !')
}
const unitsHash = 'B,KB,MB,GB'.split(',')
let index = 0
while (size > 1024 && index < unitsHash.length) {
size /= 1024
index++
}
return Math.round(size * 100) / 100 + unitsHash[index]
}
formatSize('10240') // 10KB
formatSize('10240000') // 9.77MB
- 复杂类型数组去重
- 如传入的数组元素为 [123, "meili", "123", "mogu", 123] ,则输出: [123, "meili", "123", "mogu"]
- 如传入的数组元素为 [123, [1, 2, 3], [1, "2", 3], [1, 2, 3], "meili"] ,则输出: [123, [1, 2, 3], [1, "2", 3], "meili"]
- 如传入的数组元素为 [123, {a: 1}, {a: {b: 1}}, {a: "1"}, {a: {b: 1}}, "meili"] ,则输出: [123, {a: 1}, {a: {b: 1}}, {a: "1"}, "meili"]
- 如传入的数组元素为 [{a:1, b:2}, {b:2, a:1}] ,则输出: [{a: 1, b: 2}]
- 解决思路:
一个数组(包含对象等类型元素)去重函数,需要在基础类型判断相等条件下满足以下条件:
如果元素是数组类型,则需要数组中的每一项相等 如果元素是对象类型,则需要对象中的每个键值对相等 去重本身就是遍历数组,然后比较数组中的每一项是否相等而已,所以关键步骤有两步:比较、去重
- 比较:
首先判断类型是否一致,类型不一致则返回认为两个数组元素是不同的,否则继续 如果是数组类型,则递归比较数组中的每个元素是否相等 如果是对象类型,则递归比较对象中的每个键值对是否相等 否则,直接 === 比较
- 去重:
采用 reduce 去重,初始 accumulator 为 [] 采用 findIndex 找到 accumulator 是否包含相同元素,如果不包含则加入,否则不加入 返回最终的 accumulator ,则为去重后的数组
javascript
// 获取类型
const getType = (function() {
const class2type = { '[object Boolean]': 'boolean', '[object Number]': 'number', '[object String]': 'string', '[object Function]': 'function', '[object Array]': 'array', '[object Date]': 'date', '[object RegExp]': 'regexp', '[object Object]': 'object', '[object Error]': 'error', '[object Symbol]': 'symbol' }
return function getType(obj) {
if (obj == null) {
return obj + ''
}
// javascript高级程序设计中提供了一种方法,可以通用的来判断原始数据类型和引用数据类型
const str = Object.prototype.toString.call(obj)
return typeof obj === 'object' || typeof obj === 'function' ? class2type[str] || 'object' : typeof obj
};
})();
/**
* 判断两个元素是否相等
* @param {any} o1 比较元素
* @param {any} o2 其他元素
* @returns {Boolean} 是否相等
*/
const isEqual = (o1, o2) => {
const t1 = getType(o1)
const t2 = getType(o2)
// 比较类型是否一致
if (t1 !== t2) return false
// 类型一致
if (t1 === 'array') {
// 首先判断数组包含元素个数是否相等
if (o1.length !== o2.length) return false
// 比较两个数组中的每个元素
return o1.every((item, i) => {
// return item === target
return isEqual(item, o2[i])
})
}
if (t2 === 'object') {
// object类型比较类似数组
const keysArr = Object.keys(o1)
if (keysArr.length !== Object.keys(o2).length) return false
// 比较每一个元素
return keysArr.every(k => {
return isEqual(o1[k], o2[k])
})
}
return o1 === o2
}
// 数组去重
const removeDuplicates = (arr) => {
return arr.reduce((accumulator, current) => {
const hasIndex = accumulator.findIndex(item => isEqual(current, item))
if (hasIndex === -1) {
accumulator.push(current)
}
return accumulator
}, [])
}
// 测试
removeDuplicates([123, {a: 1}, {a: {b: 1}}, {a: "1"}, {a: {b: 1}}, "meili", {a:1, b:2}, {b:2, a:1}])
// [123, {a: 1}, a: {b: 1}, {a: "1"}, "meili", {a: 1, b: 2}]
图片懒加载
html
<div class="imgList">
<img class="lazy" src="img/loading.gif" data-src="img/pic1" alt="pic" />
<img class="lazy" src="img/loading.gif" data-src="img/pic2" alt="pic" />
<img class="lazy" src="img/loading.gif" data-src="img/pic3" alt="pic" />
</div>
<script>
$(() => {
let lazyload = () => {
for (let i = 0; i < $(".lazy").length; i++) {
if (
$(".lazy").eq(i).offset().top <=
$(window).height() + $(window).scrollTop()
) {
$(".lazy").eq(i).attr("src", $(".lazy").eq(i).data("src"));
}
}
};
lazyload();
$(window).on("scroll", function () {
lazyload();
});
});
</script>
获取URL参数
- 获取指定 URL 参数
javascript
function getUrlParams(name) {
//(^|&)从头开始或匹配字符&,([^&]*)匹配不是&的任何内容,(&|$)遇到下一个&或者结束
//在正则表达式中,增加一个()代表着匹配数组中增加一个值, 因此代码中的正则匹配后数组中应包含4个值(完整匹配+3个括号)
var reg = new RegExp("(^|&)" + name + "=([^&]*)(&|$)", "i");
var r = window.location.search.substr(1).match(reg);
if (r != null) return unescape(r[2]); //获取([^&]*)的结果
return null;
}
window.location = "http://www.baidu.com?name=elephant&age=25&sex=male";
var name = getUrlParams("name"); //elephant
var age = getUrlParams("age"); //25
var sex = getUrlParams("sex"); //male
- 获取所有的 URL 参数
javascript
function parse_url(_url) {
//定义函数
var pattern = /(\w+)=(\w+)/gi; //定义正则表达式
var parames = {}; //定义数组
url.replace(pattern, function (a, b, c) {
//替换函数(完整匹配+2个括号)
parames[b] = c;
});
return parames; //返回这个数组.
}
var url = "http://www.baidu.com?name=elephant&age=25&sex=male";
var params = parse_url(url); // ["name=elephant", "age=25", "sex=male"]
- URLSearchParams和URL(IE不支持)
javascript
const urlSP = new URLSearchParams(location.search);
function getQueryString(key){
return urlSP.get(key)
}
const urlObj = new URL(location.href);
function getQueryString(key){
return urlObj.searchParams.get(key)
}
//测试地址: /index.html?pid=10
const log = console.log;
getQueryString
log("pid", getQueryString("pid")); // pid 10
log("cid", getQueryString("cid")); // cid null
操作cookie
- 获取
javascript
function getCookie(name) {
var arr,
reg = new RegExp("(^| )" + name + "=([^;]*)(;|$)");
if ((arr = document.cookie.match(reg))) return unescape(arr[2]);
else return null;
}
- 设置/添加
javascript
function setCookie(name, value) {
var Days = 30;
var exp = new Date();
exp.setTime(exp.getTime() + Days * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000);
document.cookie =
name + "=" + escape(value) + ";expires=" + exp.toGMTString();
}
- 更新
javascript
function updateCookie(name, value) {
var exp = new Date();
exp.setTime(exp.getTime() - 1);
var currentValue = getCookie(name);
if (currentValue != null) {
document.cookie =
name + "=" + escape(value) + ";expires=" + exp.toGMTString();
}
}
- 删除
javascript
function delCookie(name) {
var exp = new Date();
exp.setTime(exp.getTime() - 1);
var cval = getCookie(name);
if (cval != null)
document.cookie = name + "=" + cval + ";expires=" + exp.toGMTString();
}
文件切片上传
html
<input id="in" type="file" />
<script>
$(function () {
let pieceSize = 10;
var totalSize = 0;
$("#in").on("change", function () {
handleFiles(this.files);
});
async function handleFiles(fileList) {
var i = 0;
while (i < fileList.length) {
console.log("=================================================");
console.log(
"开始处理第" +
i +
"个文件, 文件是" +
fileList[i]["name"] +
"大小是:" +
fileList[i]["size"]
);
var targetFile = fileList[i];
totalSize += targetFile.size;
await uploadFile(targetFile, i);
i++;
if (i == fileList.length) return;
}
}
async function uploadFile(targetFile, index) {
//console.log(targetFile);
var tmp = targetFile.name.split(".");
//var filename = "file-" + guid() + '.' + tmp[tmp.length - 1];
var fileSize = targetFile.size;
var total = Math.ceil(fileSize / pieceSize);
await handle();
async function handle() {
var i = 0;
var start = (end = 0);
while (i < total) {
end = start + pieceSize;
if (end >= fileSize) {
end = fileSize;
}
console.log(
"文件的index:" + index + "| 处理文件切片 i:" + i,
"start:" + start,
"end:" + end
);
var frag = targetFile.slice(start, end);
var filename = "file-" + i + "." + tmp[tmp.length - 1];
await send(filename, frag, i, total, function () {
console.log(
"文件的index:" + index + "| 切片上传完成 回调 res111",
i
);
});
start = end;
i++;
}
}
}
//send
async function send(filename, frag, index, total, cb) {
var formData = new FormData();
var fragname = "frag-" + index;
formData.append("filename", filename);
formData.append("fragname", fragname);
formData.append("file", frag);
formData.append("fragindex", index);
formData.append("total", total);
await $.ajax({
url: "/cms/test1",
type: "POST",
cache: false,
data: formData,
processData: false,
contentType: false,
})
.done(function (res) {
//console.log('res:' + index);
cb && cb();
})
.fail(function (res) {});
}
});
</script>
活动倒计时
javascript
var future = "2017-04-04";
var calculationTime = function (future) {
var s1 = new Date(future.replace(/-/g, "/")),
s2 = new Date(),
runTime = parseInt((s1.getTime() - s2.getTime()) / 1000);
var year = Math.floor(runTime / 86400 / 365);
runTime = runTime % (86400 * 365);
var month = Math.floor(runTime / 86400 / 30);
runTime = runTime % (86400 * 30);
var day = Math.floor(runTime / 86400);
runTime = runTime % 86400;
var hour = Math.floor(runTime / 3600);
runTime = runTime % 3600;
var minute = Math.floor(runTime / 60);
runTime = runTime % 60;
var second = runTime;
return [year, month, day, hour, minute, second];
};
setInterval(function () {
var result = calculationTime(future);
//更新视图
}, 1000);
监听url变化
- 监听hashchange:#改变触发
javascript
window.onhashchange=function(event){
console.log(event);
}
//或者
window.addEventListener('hashchange',function(event){
console.log(event);
})
- 监听popstate:前进后退触发
javascript
window.addEventListener('popstate', function(event) {
console.log(event);
})
- 自定义事件replaceState和pushState行为的监听:单页面应用url改变能生效
javascript
let historyEvent = function(type) {
let origin = history[type];
return function() {
let result = origin.apply(this, arguments);
let event = new Event(type);
event.arguments = arguments;
window.dispatchEvent(event);
return result;
};
};
history.pushState = historyEvent('pushState');
history.replaceState = historyEvent('replaceState');
window.addEventListener('replaceState', function(e) {
console.log('THEY DID IT AGAIN! replaceState 111111');
});
window.addEventListener('pushState', function(e) {
console.log('THEY DID IT AGAIN! pushState 2222222');
});
koa2洋葱模型compose
- 异步函数组合
javascript
async function fn1(next) {
console.log('fn1')
next && await next()
console.log('fn1 end')
}
async function fn2(next) {
console.log('fn2')
next && await next()
console.log('fn2 end')
}
async function fn3(next) {
console.log('fn3')
next && await next()
console.log('fn3 end')
}
//fn3(fn2(fn1()))
function compose(middlewares) {
return function () {
return dispatch(0)
function dispatch(i) {
let fn = middlewares[i]
if (!fn) {
return Promise.resolve()
}
return Promise.resolve(
fn(function next() {
return dispatch(i + 1)
})
)
}
}
}
const middlewares = [fn1, fn2, fn3]
const finalFn = compose(middlewares)
finalFn()
//fn1
//fn2
//fn3
//fn1 end
//fn2 end
//fn3 end
- 同步函数组合
javascript
function fn1() {
console.log('fn1')
console.log('fn1 end')
}
function fn2() {
console.log('fn2')
console.log('fn2 end')
}
function fn3() {
console.log('fn3')
console.log('fn3 end')
}
//fn3(fn2(fn1()))
const compose = (middlewares) => () => {
[first, ...others] = middlewares
let ret = first()
others.forEach(fn => {
ret = fn(ret)
})
return ret
}
const middlewares = [fn1, fn2, fn3]
const finalFn = compose(middlewares)
finalFn()
//fn1
//fn1 end
//fn2
//fn2 end
//fn3
//fn3 end
javascript
const compose = require('koa-compose');
const composes = [];
function use(fun) {
composes.push(fun);
}
use(async (ctx, next) => {
console.log('第一个中间件');
await next();
console.log('1->END');
});
use(async (ctx, next) => {
console.log('第二个中间件');
await next();
console.log('2->END');
});
use(async (ctx, next) => {
console.log('第三个中间件');
await next();
console.log('3->END');
});
const exec = compose(composes);
(async () => {
const ctx = {};
await exec(ctx, async () => {
console.log('END');
});
})();
//输出:
//第一个中间件
//第二个中间件
//第三个中间件
//END
//3->END
//2->END
//1->END
字符串模板
javascript
function render(template, data) {
const reg = /\{\{(\w+)\}\}/; // 模板字符串正则
if (reg.test(template)) { // 判断模板里是否有模板字符串
const name = reg.exec(template)[1]; // 查找当前模板里第一个模板字符串的字段
template = template.replace(reg, data[name]); // 将第一个模板字符串渲染
return render(template, data); // 递归的渲染并返回渲染后的结构
}
return template; // 如果模板没有模板字符串直接返回
}
let template = '我是{{name}},年龄{{age}},性别{{sex}}';
let person = {
name: '布兰',
age: 12
}
render(template, person); // 我是布兰,年龄12,性别undefined
JSON.stringify
javascript
function jsonStringify(data) {
let dataType = typeof data;
if (dataType !== 'object') {
let result = data;
//data 可能是 string/number/null/undefined/boolean
if (Number.isNaN(data) || data === Infinity) {
//NaN 和 Infinity 序列化返回 "null"
result = "null";
} else if (dataType === 'function' || dataType === 'undefined' || dataType === 'symbol') {
//function 、undefined 、symbol 序列化返回 undefined
return undefined;
} else if (dataType === 'string') {
result = '"' + data + '"';
}
//boolean 返回 String()
return String(result);
} else if (dataType === 'object') {
if (data === null) {
return "null"
} else if (data.toJSON && typeof data.toJSON === 'function') {
return jsonStringify(data.toJSON());
} else if (data instanceof Array) {
let result = [];
//如果是数组
//toJSON 方法可以存在于原型链中
data.forEach((item, index) => {
if (typeof item === 'undefined' || typeof item === 'function' || typeof item === 'symbol') {
result[index] = "null";
} else {
result[index] = jsonStringify(item);
}
});
result = "[" + result + "]";
return result.replace(/'/g, '"');
} else {
//普通对象
/**
* 循环引用抛错(暂未检测,循环引用时,堆栈溢出)
* symbol key 忽略
* undefined、函数、symbol 为属性值,被忽略
*/
let result = [];
Object.keys(data).forEach((item, index) => {
if (typeof item !== 'symbol') {
//key 如果是symbol对象,忽略
if (data[item] !== undefined && typeof data[item] !== 'function'
&& typeof data[item] !== 'symbol') {
//键值如果是 undefined、函数、symbol 为属性值,忽略
result.push('"' + item + '"' + ":" + jsonStringify(data[item]));
}
}
});
return ("{" + result + "}").replace(/'/g, '"');
}
}
}
JSON.parse
eval 实现
javascript
var rx_one = /^[\],:{}\s]*$/;
var rx_two = /\\(?:["\\\/bfnrt]|u[0-9a-fA-F]{4})/g;
var rx_three = /"[^"\\\n\r]*"|true|false|null|-?\d+(?:\.\d*)?(?:[eE][+\-]?\d+)?/g;
var rx_four = /(?:^|:|,)(?:\s*\[)+/g;
if (
rx_one.test(
json.replace(rx_two, "@")
.replace(rx_three, "]")
.replace(rx_four, "")
)
) {
var obj = eval("(" +json + ")");
}
new Function 实现
javascript
var json = '{"name":"小姐姐", "age":20}';
var obj = (new Function('return ' + json))();
原生实现getElementById
- 手动写递归
javascript
const nodes = document.body;
function getId(node,nodeIdMap){
if(node){
if(node.id) nodeIdMap[node.id] = node; // 如果 id 属性存在,则把该DOM存入 Map
const children = node.children;
for(let i = 0 ; i < children.length; i++){
getId(children[i],nodeIdMap)
}
}
return nodeIdMap
}
const ids = getId(nodes,{})
const findId = (id) => ids[id]
- 借助 document.createNodeIterator
javascript
const f = (id)=> document.createNodeIterator(
document.body,
NodeFilter.SHOW_ALL,
{
acceptNode(node) {
return node.id === id? NodeFilter.FILTER_ACCEPT : NodeFilter.FILTER_SKIP;
}
}
);
f('anyId').nextNode(); // 即可获取 任意ID 的DOM
模拟sql语句
javascript
//测试数据
var data = [
{title: 't1', userId: '10086', name: 'Jay'},
{title: 't2', userId: '10087', name: 'Tom1'},
{title: 't3', userId: '10088', name: 'Tina2'},
]
//调用
find(data).where({name: /\d$/,}).orderBy('userId','desc');
//结果
[
{title: 't3', userId: '10088', name: 'Tina2'},
{title: 't2', userId: '10087', name: 'Tom1'}
]
javascript
class FindData {
constructor(data) {
this.data = data;
}
where(regs) {
const keys = Object.keys(regs);
const d = this.data.filter((item) => {
let r = true;
for (let i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
const current = item[keys[i]];
if (!(current && regs[keys[i]].test(current))) {
r = false;
}
}
return r;
})
return new FindData(d);
}
orderBy(name, sort) {
let fn;
if(sort === 'desc'){
fn = (a,b)=> b[name] - a[name]
}else if(sort === 'asc'){
fn = (a,b)=> a[name] - b[name]
}
return this.data.sort(fn)
}
}
var find = (d) => new FindData(d);
字符串转成千分位
将字符串转成千分位。例如 '12345678' 转化成千分位是 '12,345,678'.
零宽断言
javascript
str.replace(/\d{1,3}(?=(\d{3})+$)/g,function(s){
return s + ','
})
toLocaleString
javascript
function formatMoney(num){
return (+num).toLocaleString("en-US");
}
加法远程api模拟
题目
javascript
// 假设本地机器无法做加减乘除运算,需要通过远程请求让服务端来实现。
// 以加法为例,现有远程API的模拟实现
const addRemote = async (a, b) => new Promise(resolve => {
setTimeout(() => resolve(a + b), 1000)
});
// 请实现本地的add方法,调用addRemote,能最优的实现输入数字的加法。
async function add(...inputs) {
// 你的实现
}
// 请用示例验证运行结果:
add(1, 2)
.then(result => {
console.log(result); // 3
});
add(3, 5, 2)
.then(result => {
console.log(result); // 10
})
遍历
javascript
async function add(...args) {
let res = 0;
if (args.length <= 2) return res;
for (const item of args) {
res = await addRemote(res, item);
}
return res;
}
递归
javascript
async function add(...args) {
let res = 0;
if (args.length === 0) return res;
if (args.length === 1) return args[0];
const a = args.pop();
const b = args.pop();
args.push(await addRemote(a, b));
return add(...args);
}
reduce
javascript
// Promise链式调用版本
async function add(...args) {
return args.reduce((promiseChain, item) => {
return promiseChain.then(res => {
return addRemote(res, item);
});
}, Promise.resolve(0));
}
归并队列
javascript
function add(...args) {
if (args.length <= 1) return Promise.resolve(args[0])
const promiseList = []
for (let i = 0; i * 2 < args.length - 1; i++) {
const promise = addRemote(args[i * 2], args[i * 2 + 1])
promiseList.push(promise)
}
if (args.length % 2) {
const promise = Promise.resolve(args[args.length - 1])
promiseList.push(promise)
}
return Promise.all(promiseList).then(results => add(...results));
}
缓存
javascript
const cache = {};
function addFn(a, b) {
const key1 = `${a},${b}`;
const key2 = `${b},${a}`;
const cacheVal = cache[key1] || cache[key2];
if (cacheVal) return Promise.resolve(cacheVal);
return addRemote(a, b, res => {
cache[key1] = res;
cache[key2] = res;
return res;
});
}
遍历文件夹下所有文件返回完整路径
javascript
const fs = require("fs")
const path = require("path")
function travel(basePath, callback) {
fs
.readdirSync(basePath)
.forEach((file) => {
let filePath = path.join(basePath, file)
if (fs.statSync(filePath).isDirectory()) {
// 如果是文件夹则递归继续
travel(filePath, callback)
} else {
callback(filePath)
}
})
}
// 使用
let basePath = './' // 可以是以盘名开头的绝对路径:'F:/server'
travel(basePath, function (filePath) {
console.log(filePath)
})
根据入参路径创建对应目录和文件
javascript
const fs = require("fs")
const path = require("path")
// 生成可识别的完整路径
const toResolvePath = (...file) => path.resolve(process.cwd(), ...file);
// 创建目录
const dirCreate = (targetPath, cb) => {
if (fs.existsSync(targetPath)) {
cb()
} else {
dirCreate(path.dirname(targetPath), () => {
fs.mkdirSync(targetPath)
cb()
})
}
}
const generateDirectoryCreate = async (dirPath) => {
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
dirCreate(dirPath, resolve)
})
}
// 创建文件
const generateFileCreate = async (filePath, content) => {
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
fs.writeFile(filePath, content, 'utf8', err => {
if (err) {
console.log(err.message);
reject(err)
} else {
resolve()
}
})
})
}
// 使用
const basePath = './aaa/bbb'
const resolvedPath = toResolvePath(basePath);
// 根据path创建目录
generateDirectoryCreate(resolvedPath);
// 根据path创建文件
generateFileCreate(toResolvePath(basePath, 'index.js'), 'aaabbb\ncccddd');
判断对象成环
javascript
const isCyclic = (obj) => {
// 使用Set数据类型来存储已经检测过的对象
let stackSet = new Set()
let detected = false
const detect = (obj) => {
// 不是对象类型的话,可以直接跳过
if (obj && typeof obj != 'object') {
return
}
// 当要检查的对象已经存在于stackSet中时,表示存在循环引用
if (stackSet.has(obj)) {
return detected = true
}
// 将当前obj存如stackSet
stackSet.add(obj)
for (let key in obj) {
// 对obj下的属性进行挨个检测
if (obj.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
detect(obj[key])
}
}
// 平级检测完成之后,将当前对象删除,防止误判
/*
例如:对象的属性指向同一引用,如果不删除的话,会被认为是循环引用
let tempObj = {
name: 'c'
}
let obj4 = {
obj1: tempObj,
obj2: tempObj
}
*/
stackSet.delete(obj)
}
detect(obj)
return detected
}
// 1. 对象之间相互引用
let obj1 = { name: 'a' }
let obj2 = { name: 'b' }
// 对象1的属性引用了对象2
obj1.obj = obj2
// 对象2的属性引用了对象1
obj2.obj = obj1
console.log(isCyclic(obj1)) // true
console.log(isCyclic(obj2)) // true
// 2. 对象的属性引用了对象本身
let obj = { name: 'a' }
// 对象的属性引用了对象本身
obj.child = obj
console.log(isCyclic(obj)) // true
// 3. 对象的属性引用部分属性
let obj3 = {
name: 'c',
child: {}
}
obj3.child.obj = obj3.child
console.log(isCyclic(obj3)) // true
// 4. 对象的属性指向同一引用
let tempObj = {
name: 'c'
}
let obj4 = {
obj1: tempObj,
obj2: tempObj
}
console.log(isCyclic(obj4)) // false
// 5. 其他数据类型
console.log(isCyclic(1)) // false
console.log(isCyclic('c')) // false
console.log(isCyclic(false)) // false
console.log(isCyclic(null)) // false
console.log(isCyclic(undefined)) // false
console.log(isCyclic([])) // false
console.log(isCyclic(Symbol('c'))) // false